Hezbollah, widely recognised as the most powerful non-state actor in the world, is perceived as a major threat to Israel, who opposes its existence. Backed by several state and non-state actors, Hezbollah operates internationally, its actions extending beyond Lebanon -where it holds significant political influence and substantially influencing the Middle East’s regional security dynamics. The long-standing conflict between Hezbollah and Israel dates to the early 1980s, following Israel’s invasions of Lebanon. Recent incidents have further heightened tensions in an already turbulent region. This article is aimed at understanding the motivations and grievances of both sides.